Pope Leo XIV has raised significant concerns regarding the austerity measures implemented by Argentine President Javier Milei, asserting that economic growth must benefit all citizens. The pontiff’s remarks were met with enthusiastic applause during his speech in Buenos Aires, part of a 12-day Latin American tour.

Advocating for the Marginalized

In his address, Pope Leo XIV emphasized, “The economy must be at the service of the people, rather than people being at the service of the economy.” He remarked on the hardships faced by many hardworking individuals who struggle to provide for their families despite their efforts.

Additionally, he expressed particular concern for vulnerable groups, highlighting, “particular concern be shown for those affected by illness, dependency and disability,” which many interpreted as a pointed critique of cuts to disability benefits enacted by Milei’s administration.

Encouraging Democratic Dialogue

Pope Leo XIV, known for his diplomatic approach, reminded President Milei that a strengthening democracy hinges on “a willingness to listen” and the “careful use of words.” This message comes at a time of heightened political tension in Argentina, where Milei’s blunt communication style has drawn criticism.

A Historic Visit

This trip marks the first papal visit to Argentina in almost forty years, following a period of austerity that has divided the nation under Milei’s leadership. Pope Leo XIV traveled to Argentina after making stops in Uruguay, where he denounced drug-related violence and child poverty.

Argentines, many of whom harbor deep respect for the Catholic Church, view the pope’s visit as an opportunity for healing in a nation grappling with divisions exacerbated by Milei’s reforms. A retired teacher, Liliana Deblauwe, expressed hope that “the pope will unite us just like the World Cup does.”

The Context of Austerity

Since taking office, President Milei has embarked on a campaign to revitalize Argentina’s faltering economy, proposing drastic cuts to social welfare programs, including support for public hospitals and universities, which has seen the poverty rate fluctuate sharply to 32.3% as of September. His approach mirrors that of allies like former U.S. President Donald Trump, characterized by combative rhetoric.

Church’s Response to Economic Policies

While Milei has moderated his tone regarding the pope since assuming office, his administration continues to face backlash from the Catholic Church for viewing essential social services as mere budget items. Critics highlight his administration’s restrictions on democratic freedoms, including the right to protest.

The local Catholic community is observing the pope’s visit closely, as it serves as a barometer of support for the Church in a country where self-identified Catholics have decreased from about 90% in the 1960s to 57.7% today, according to a University of Buenos Aires poll.

Papal Engagements and Expectations

Pope Leo XIV’s itinerary includes visits to a home for disabled individuals and a prison, along with celebrating open-air masses expected to draw crowds of up to 7 million people. These events are anticipated to reinforce the Church’s influence and connectivity with the Argentine populace.